Passive Voice : Introduction
Active Voice vs Passive Voice
Active Voice ¤×Í »ÃÐ⤷Õè»Ãиҹà»ç¹¡ÃзÓËÃ×ÍáÊ´§¡ÃÔÂÒ¹Ñé¹â´ÂµÃ§ àªè¹
We are playing tennis.
¾Ç¡àÃÒ¡ÓÅѧàÅè¹à·¹¹ÔÊ
I get up early everyday.
©Ñ¹µ×蹹͹áµèàªéÒ·Ø¡Çѹ
«Ö觨ÐàËç¹ä´éÍÂèÒ§ªÑ´à¨¹¹Ð¤ÃѺ ÇèÒ·Ñé§ " ¾Ç¡àÃÒ " áÅÐ " ©Ñ¹ " µèÒ§à»ç¹¼Ùé¡ÃзӡÃÔÂÒ¹Ñé¹æ ·Ñé§ÊÔé¹
Passive Voice ¤×Í »ÃÐ⤷Õè»Ãиҹà»ç¹¼Ùé¶Ù¡¡ÃзӡÃÔÂÒ¹Ñé¹â´Â¼ÙéÍ×è¹ËÃ×ÍÊÔè§Í×è¹ àªè¹
A student was punished by his teacher.
¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹¶Ù¡·Óâ·Éâ´Â¤Ã٢ͧà¢Ò
The bank is closed at 3.30 p.m. everyday.
¸¹Ò¤Òö١»Ô´àÇÅÒ
15.30 ¹. ·Ø¡Çѹ ( á»ÅµÒÁµÑÇ
)
áµè¶éÒµéͧ¡ÒÃá»ÅãËéÊÅÐÊÅÇÂáÅéÇ¡ç¤ÇèÐá»ÅÇèÒ
" ¸¹Ò¤ÒûԴàÇÅÒ
15.30 ¹. ·Ø¡Çѹ " ¤ÃѺ
ÃٻẺ»ÃÐâ¤
Passive
Voice ¹ÕéàÃÒ¨ÐàËç¹ä´éÇèÒ
ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉÁÑ¡¨ÐãªéºèÍÂÁÒ¡àŹФÃѺ
â´Â੾ÒСÒÃà¢Õ¹·Õè
à»ç¹áºº·Ò§¡ÒäÃѺ
áµèÀÒÉÒä·ÂàÃÒ¹Ñ鹻áµÔáÅéÇàÃÒ¨ÐãªéäÁèºèÍÂà·èÒÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ
ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ
»Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹ÀÒÉÒä·Â
ä´éÃѺÍÔ·¸Ô¾Å¨Ò¡ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉÁÒ¡·Õà´ÕÂǤÃѺ
à¾ÃÒЩйÑé¹
àÃÒ¨Ö§ÁÑ¡¨ÐàËç¹»ÃÐâ¤ÀÒÉÒä·Â·Õèãªé
Passive
Voice
ẺÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉàÂÍÐÁÒ¡¢Öé¹àŤÃѺ
Passive Voice : ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹
ÇÔ¸Õà»ÅÕè¹
1. ãËéàÍÒ¤Ó·Õèà»ç¹¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤
Active ä»à»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐâ¤
Passive
2. ãªé Verb to Be ãËé¶Ù¡µéͧµÒÁ¾¨¹ìáÅÐ
Tense
3. ¡ÃÔÂÒá·éã¹»ÃÐâ¤
Active ¨Ðµéͧ·ÓãËéà»ç¹
Verb ªèͧ 3 àÊÁÍ â´ÂÇÒ§äÇéËÅѧ
Verb to Be
4. àÍÒ»Ãиҹ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤
Active ä»ÇÒ§à»ç¹¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤
Passive áÅÐàµÔÁ by äÇé¢éҧ˹éÒ
ËÁÒÂà赯 : ¤Ø³µéͧ¼Ñ¹¡ÃÔÂÒªèͧ·Õè
3 ãËéä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ
â´Â੾ÒСÅØèÁ
Irregular Verbs ( ¡ÃÔÂÒ·ÕèÁÕ¡Òüѹâ´Â੾ÒÐ
)
ËÒ¡ÂѧäÁè·ÃÒº
àªÔà¢éÒä»´Ùä´é·ÕèµÒÃÒ§¡Òüѹ¡ÃÔÂÒ
Irregular Verbs ·Õè˹éÒËÅÑ¡ä´é
ËÃ×Í ¤ÅÔ¡·Õè¹Õè
¤ÃѺ
ÃÙ»»ÃÐ⤠Passive Voice ·Ñé§ 12 Tenses ¤ÃѺ¼Á
Present Simple
= Subject + is, am, are + Verb
3 + by ..........
Present Continuous
= Subject + is, am, are + being
+ Verb 3 + by.........
Present Perfect
= Subject + have, has + been
+ Verb 3 + by..........
Present Perfect Continuous =
Subject + have, has + been + being
+ Verb 3 + by..........
Past Simple
= Subject + was, were + Verb
3 + by.........
Past Continuous
= Subject + was, were + being
+ Verb 3 + by..........
Past Perfect
= Subject + had + been
+ Verb 3 + by..........
Past Perfect Continuous
= Subject + had + been
+ being + Verb 3 + by..........
Future Simple
= Subject + will + be +
Verb 3 + by..........
Future Continuous
= Subject + will + be +
being + Verb 3 + by..........
Future Perfect
= Subject + will + have
+ been + Verb 3 + by..........
Future Perfect Continuous =
Subject + will + have + been
+ being + Verb 3 + by..........
ËÁÒÂà赯 : Passive Voice
¢Í§ Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous,
áÅÐ Future Perfect Continuous Tense
»Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹äÁè¹ÔÂÁãªéáÅéǹФÃѺ
áÅÐËÒ¡ã¤Ã·ÕèÂѧ¨ÓäÁèä´éÍÂèÒ§áÁè¹ÂÓÇèÒáµèÅÐ
Tense ãªéÍÂèÒ§äÃ
¡ç¡ÃسҡÅѺ
ä»ÍèÒ¹º·àÃÕ¹à¡èÒæ
¢Í§¼Á¡çä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ
â´Â¤ÅÔ¡·Õè¢éÒ§ÅèÒ§¹ÕéàŤÃѺ
^_^
Passive Voice : µÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃÐâ¤
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹»ÃÐâ¤
Active à»ç¹ Passive ã¹ 12 Tenses
àÁ×èͺ··ÕèáÅéǼÁä´éá¹Ð¹Óâ¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§»ÃÐ⤢ͧ
Passive Voice ·Ñé§ 12 Tenses ä»áÅéǹФÃѺ
ÁÒº·¹Õé¼Á¢Í¡»ÃÐ⤵ÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃСͺ
à¾×èÍ·èÒ¹¼ÙéÍèÒ¹¨Ðä´éàËç¹ÀÒ¾ÁÒ¡¢Ö鹤ÃѺ
ã¤Ã·ÕèÂѧäÁèä´éÍèÒ¹º··ÕèáÅéÇàªÔ
¤ÅÔ¡·Õè¹Õè
¤ÃѺ¼Á
Present
Simple Tense
Active : Somchai drives a bus.
Passive : A bus is driven by Somchai.
Present
Continuous Tense
Active : Somchai is driving a bus.
Passive : A bus is being driven by Somchai.
Present
Perfect Tense
Active : Somchai has driven a bus.
Passive : A bus has been driven by Somchai.
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense
Active : Somchai has been driving a
bus.
Passive : A bus has been being driven by Somchai.
Past
Simple Tense
Active : Somchai drove a bus.
Passive : A bus was driven by Somchai.
Past
Continuous Tense
Active : Somchai was driving a bus.
Passive : A bus was being driven by Somchai.
Past
Perfect Tense
Active : Somchai had driven a bus.
Passive : A bus had been driven by Somchai.
Past
Perfect Continuous Tense
Active : Somchai had been driving a
bus.
Passive : A bus had been being driven by Somchai.
Future
Simple Tense
Active : Somchai will drive a bus.
Passive : A bus will be driven by Somchai.
Future
Continuous Tense
Active : Somchai will be driving a
bus.
Passive : A bus will be being driven by Somchai.
Future
Perfect Tense
Active : Somchai will have driven a
bus.
Passive : A bus will have been driven by Somchai.
Future
Perfect Continuous Tense
Active : Somchai will have been driving
a bus.
Passive : A bus will have been being driven by Somchai.
Passive Voice : ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·Õèãªéã¹»ÃÐ⤠Passive äÁèä´é
¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·Ø¡µÑÇäÁèÊÒÁÒö¹ÓÁÒáµè§à»ç¹»ÃÐâ¤
Passive Voice ä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ
µèÍ仹Õéà»ç¹ËÅÑ¡·ÑèÇ令ÃѺ¼Á
ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ
¼Á¡ç¢Íá¹ÐãËé¨Óà»ç¹¡ÅØèÁËÃ×Íà»ç¹¤Óä»´éǹФÃѺ
ÇèÒ¡ÃÔÂÒµÑÇä˹àÍÒÁÒáµè§à»ç¹
Passive Voice äÁèä´é
1. Í¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ
( Intransitive Verb ) ËÁÒ¶֧ ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·ÕèäÁè¨Óà»ç¹µéͧÁÕ¡ÃÃÁÁÒÃͧÃѺ
ÊÒÁÒöÍÂÙèâ´´ä´é
ËéÒÁ¹ÓÁÒáµè§à»ç¹
Passive Voice à´ç´¢Ò´àŹФÃѺ
àªè¹
A bird is flying in the air. äÁèÊÒÁÒöáµè§à»ç¹
Passive Voice ä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ
à¾ÃÒлÃÐ⤹ÕéäÁèÁÕ¡ÃÃÁ
à¾ÃÒФÓÇèÒ
fly á»ÅÇèÒ ºÔ¹
¹Ñé¹
äÁè¨Óà»ç¹µéͧÁÕ¡ÃÃÁàÅÂ
àÃÒ¡ç·ÃÒºÍÂÙèáÅéÇÇèÒ¹¡¡ÓÅѧºÔ¹ÍÂÙè
¤ÓÇèÒ in the air ¹Ñé¹äÁèãªèà»ç¹¡ÃÃÁ¹Ð¤ÃѺ
à»ç¹à¾Õ§ÇÅÕ·Õè¢ÂÒÂ
¡ÃÔÂÒ fly à·èÒ¹Ñé¹¹èФÃѺ
¡çÍÂèÒ§·ÕèºÍ¡¹Ð¤ÃѺÇèÒ Í¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ¹Õé ¡çµéͧËÁÑ蹤èÍÂæ ¨Ó¡Ñ¹ä»¤ÃѺ¼Á ¼ÁäÁèÊÒÁÒöá¹ÐËÅÑ¡ä´é¨ÃÔ§æ ¤ÃѺ µéͧ¨Óà·èÒ¹Ñ鹹ФÃѺ
2. Ê¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ
( Transitive Verb ) ºÒ§¤Ó ¡çäÁèÊÒÁÒöáµè§à»ç¹»ÃÐâ¤ä´é
Ê¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ¡çµÃ§¢éÒÁ¡ÑºÍ¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ¤ÃѺ
¡ÅèÒǤ×Í
à»ç¹¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·ÕèµéͧÁÕ¡ÃÃÁÁÒÃͧÃѺ¤ÃѺ¼Á
Ẻ¹ÕéµéͧÍÒÈѨÓä»à»ç¹¤Óæ
¹Ð¤ÃѺ µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¡Ã³Õ¹Õé¡çÍÂèÒ§àªè¹
He had his breakfast at home. àÃÒäÁèÊÒÁÒöáµè§à»ç¹
Passive Voice ä´éÇèÒ
His breakfast was had by him at home. ( äÁèÁÕã¤Ããªé¡Ñ¹¹Ð¤ÃѺ
)
ËÁÒÂà赯 : Í¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ
ÊÒÁÒöà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹
Passive Voice ä´é ¡Ã³Õ·Õè¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒµÑǹÑé¹ÁÕ
preposition + object
( ·Ñ駹Õéà¾ÃÒÐ
Intransitive Verb + Object = Transitive Verb ä´é·Ñ¹·Õ¤ÃѺ¼Á
) ¡µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹
We will look after him well.
He will be well looked after.
Everybody doesn't like people looking down on him.
Everybody doesn't like being looked down.
Passive Voice : »ÃÐ⤤ӶÒÁ
ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹»ÃÐ⤠Active ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁãËéà»ç¹ Passive
»ÃÐ⤠Active Voice ·Õèà»ç¹»ÃÐ⤤ӶÒÁ·Õè¢Öé¹´éÇ Question Words àÁ×èÍà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹ Passive ãËé·Ó´Ñ§µèÍ仹Õé :-
1.ãËéàÍÒ Question Words Íѹä´éá¡è
What, Where, When, Why, Whose, Whom, Which, How ¢Öé¹äÇéµé¹»ÃÐâ¤àËÁ×͹à´ÔÁ
¡àÇ鹤ÓÇèÒ
Who ãËéà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹
" By whom " á·¹
2.¤ÓÍ×è¹æ àªè¹
Verb to Be, must, may, can, could, should, would, might, etc. ãËéàÃÕ§Ẻ¤Ó¶ÒÁµÒÁ»Ã¡µÔ
â´ÂÇÒ§äÇé˹éÒ»Ãиҹ
áµèÍÂÙèËÅѧ
Question Words
3.»Ãиҹ㹠Active Voice
µéͧ¹Óä»à»ç¹¡ÃÃÁµÒÁËÅѧºØ¾º·
by
4.¡ÃÔÂÒá·éã¹
Active Voice àÁ×èÍà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹
Passive Voice ãËé·Óà»ç¹¡ÃÔÂÒªèͧ
3
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃÐâ¤
Active : What does he want?
Passive : What is wanted by him?
Active : Who punished her?
Passive : By whom was she punished?
Active : Which dictionary do you buy?
Passive : Which dictionary is bought by you?
Active : How will they do it?
Passive : How will it be done by them?
Active : Whom does she love?
Passive : Who is loved by her?
Active : Where did you find it?
Passive : Where was it found by you?
Active : Whose computer will you buy?
Passive : Whose computer will be bought by you?
Active : When did he send her a present?
Passive : When was she sent a present by him?
Active : Why did you open it?
Passive : Why was it opened by you?
ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹
»ÃÐ⤤ÓÊÑ觤×Í»ÃÐ⤷Õè¢Ö鹵鹴éǤӡÃÔÂÒ
áÅÐäÁèÁÕ»Ãиҹà¾ÃÒÐÅÐäÇéã¹°Ò¹·Õèà¢éÒã¨áÅéÇ
´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹
»ÃÐ⤠Active Voice ·Õèà»ç¹»ÃÐ⤤ÓÊÑè§ÁÒà»ç¹
Passive Voice ¨Ðµéͧ·Ó´Ñ§¹Õé
Let + object + be + Verb ªèͧ 3
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃÐâ¤
Active : Open the window.
Passive : Let the window be opened.
Active : Don't destroy the house.
Passive : Let the house not be destroyed.
Active : Do it.
Passive : Let it be done.
Active : Don't close the door.
Passive : Let the door not be closed.
Passive Voice : »ÃÐ⤷ÕèäÁèµéͧ¡Òà BY
¡ÒèйÓàÍÒ»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐâ¤
Active Voice ä»äÇéËÅѧ
by ã¹ Passive Voice ËÃ×ÍäÁè¹Ñé¹
àÃҨеéͧ´Ù㨤ÇÒÁ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤
¤×Í ¶éÒàÃÒäÁèà¹é¹¼Ùé¡ÃзÓËÃ×ͼÙé¡ÃзӹÑé¹äÁèÊÓ¤ÑáÅÐäÁè¨Óà»ç¹·Õè¨Ðµéͧ¡ÅèÒǶ֧
àÃÒ¡çÊÒÁÒöÅкؾº·
by ä´é¤ÃѺ
¡µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹
His house was painted beautifully before he moved in.
ºéÒ¹¢Í§à¢Òä´é¶Ù¡·ÒÊÕäÇéÍÂèÒ§§´§ÒÁ
¡è͹·Õèà¢Ò¨ÐÂéÒÂà¢éÒÁÒÍÂÙè
»ÃÐ⤹ÕéàÃÒäÁè·ÃÒºÇèÒã¤Ãà»ç¹¤¹·Ò
à¾ÃÒÐàÃÒäÁèä´éʹ㨷Õè¨Ð·ÃÒº
àÃÒʹã¨à¾Õ§áµèÇèÒ
ºéÒ¹ä´é¶Ù¡·ÒÊÕäÇéÍÂèÒ§§´§ÒÁà·èÒ¹Ñ鹤ÃѺ
àÃÒÊÒÁÒöÊÃØ»¡Ã³Õ·ÕèàÃÒÊÒÁÒöÅкؾº·
by äÇé¤ÃèÒÇæ
ä´é´ÑǵèÍ仹Õé
1. àÁ×èÍ»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐâ¤
Active Voice à»ç¹ everyone, everybody, someone,
somebody, on one,
nobody
äÁèµéͧ¹Óä»ÇÒ§äÇé¢éÒ§ËÅѧ
by ã¹»ÃÐ⤠Passive Voice
àªè¹
Active : No one has used the door for
six years.
Passive : The door hasn't been used for six years.
Active : Somebody ate three apples
overhere.
Passive : Three apples were eaten overhere.
Active : Everybody studies Chinese
in this school.
Passive : Chinese is studied in this school.
2. àÁ×èÍ»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐâ¤
Active Voice à»ç¹ºØÃØÉÊÃþ¹ÒÁ
( Personal Pronoun ) ¤×Í I, You, We, They,
He, She, It äÁèµéͧãÊèäÇéËÅѧºØ¾º·
by àªè¹
Active : She closed the window of the
house.
Passive : The window of the house was closed.
Active : They will build a new road
through here soon.
Passive : A new road will be built through here soon.
¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹ÕéáÅéÇ
¶éÒ»ÃÐ⤠Active
Voice ¢Ö鹵鹴éÇÂ
People say that ............. , People believe that
..............
àÁ×èÍ·Óà»ç¹»ÃÐâ¤
Passive Voice ãËéà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹
It is said that ............., It is believed that ................
àªè¹
Active : People say that optimism promotes
happiness.
Passive : It is said that optimism promotes happiness.
Active : People believe that the earth
is round.
Passive : It is believed that the earth is round.