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Passive Voice : Introduction

      Active Voice vs Passive Voice

            Active Voice ¤×Í »ÃÐ⤷Õè»Ãиҹà»ç¹¡ÃзÓËÃ×ÍáÊ´§¡ÃÔÂÒ¹Ñé¹â´ÂµÃ§ àªè¹

          We are playing tennis.
            ¾Ç¡àÃÒ¡ÓÅѧàÅè¹à·¹¹ÔÊ

          I get up early everyday.
            ©Ñ¹µ×蹹͹áµèàªéÒ·Ø¡Çѹ

                    «Ö觨ÐàËç¹ä´éÍÂèÒ§ªÑ´à¨¹¹Ð¤ÃѺ ÇèÒ·Ñé§ " ¾Ç¡àÃÒ " áÅÐ " ©Ñ¹ " µèÒ§à»ç¹¼Ùé¡ÃзӡÃÔÂÒ¹Ñé¹æ ·Ñé§ÊÔé¹

                  Passive Voice ¤×Í »ÃÐ⤷Õè»Ãиҹà»ç¹¼Ùé¶Ù¡¡ÃзӡÃÔÂÒ¹Ñé¹â´Â¼ÙéÍ×è¹ËÃ×ÍÊÔè§Í×è¹ àªè¹

          A student was punished by his teacher.
            ¹Ñ¡àÃÕ¹¶Ù¡·Óâ·Éâ´Â¤Ã٢ͧà¢Ò

          The bank is closed at 3.30 p.m. everyday.
            ¸¹Ò¤Òö١»Ô´àÇÅÒ 15.30 ¹. ·Ø¡Çѹ ( á»ÅµÒÁµÑÇ )
            áµè¶éÒµéͧ¡ÒÃá»ÅãËéÊÅÐÊÅÇÂáÅéÇ¡ç¤ÇèÐá»ÅÇèÒ " ¸¹Ò¤ÒûԴàÇÅÒ 15.30 ¹. ·Ø¡Çѹ " ¤ÃѺ

                    ÃٻẺ»ÃÐ⤠Passive Voice ¹ÕéàÃÒ¨ÐàËç¹ä´éÇèÒ ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉÁÑ¡¨ÐãªéºèÍÂÁÒ¡àŹФÃѺ â´Â੾ÒСÒÃà¢Õ¹·Õè
            à»ç¹áºº·Ò§¡ÒäÃѺ áµèÀÒÉÒä·ÂàÃÒ¹Ñ鹻áµÔáÅéÇàÃÒ¨ÐãªéäÁèºèÍÂà·èÒÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹ÀÒÉÒä·Â
            ä´éÃѺÍÔ·¸Ô¾Å¨Ò¡ÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉÁÒ¡·Õà´ÕÂǤÃѺ à¾ÃÒЩйÑé¹ àÃÒ¨Ö§ÁÑ¡¨ÐàËç¹»ÃÐâ¤ÀÒÉÒä·Â·Õèãªé Passive Voice
            ẺÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉàÂÍÐÁÒ¡¢Öé¹àŤÃѺ


                           Passive Voice : ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹

   ÇÔ¸Õà»ÅÕè¹
   1.  ãËéàÍÒ¤Ó·Õèà»ç¹¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§»ÃÐ⤠Active ä»à»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐ⤠Passive
            2.  ãªé Verb to Be ãËé¶Ù¡µéͧµÒÁ¾¨¹ìáÅÐ Tense
            3.  ¡ÃÔÂÒá·éã¹»ÃÐ⤠Active ¨Ðµéͧ·ÓãËéà»ç¹ Verb ªèͧ 3 àÊÁÍ â´ÂÇÒ§äÇéËÅѧ Verb to Be
            4.  àÍÒ»Ãиҹ¢Í§»ÃÐ⤠Active ä»ÇÒ§à»ç¹¡ÃÃÁ¢Í§»ÃÐ⤠Passive áÅÐàµÔÁ by äÇé¢éҧ˹éÒ

         ËÁÒÂà赯 : ¤Ø³µéͧ¼Ñ¹¡ÃÔÂÒªèͧ·Õè 3 ãËéä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ â´Â੾ÒСÅØèÁ Irregular Verbs ( ¡ÃÔÂÒ·ÕèÁÕ¡Òüѹâ´Â੾ÒÐ )
                               ËÒ¡ÂѧäÁè·ÃÒº àªÔ­à¢éÒä»´Ùä´é·ÕèµÒÃÒ§¡Òüѹ¡ÃÔÂÒ Irregular Verbs ·Õè˹éÒËÅÑ¡ä´é ËÃ×Í ¤ÅÔ¡·Õè¹Õè  ¤ÃѺ

         ÃÙ»»ÃÐ⤠Passive Voice ·Ñé§ 12 Tenses ¤ÃѺ¼Á

            Present Simple                       =    Subject  +  is, am, are  +  Verb 3  +  by ..........
           Present Continuous                =    Subject  +  is, am, are  +  being  +  Verb 3  +  by.........
           Present Perfect                       =    Subject  +  have, has  +  been  +  Verb 3  +  by..........
           Present Perfect Continuous    =     Subject  +  have, has  +  been  +  being  +  Verb 3  +  by..........

           Past Simple                            =    Subject  +  was, were  +  Verb 3  +  by.........
           Past Continuous                     =    Subject  +  was, were  +  being  +  Verb 3  +  by..........
           Past Perfect                            =    Subject  +  had  +  been  +  Verb 3  + by..........
           Past Perfect Continuous         =    Subject  +  had  +  been  +  being  +  Verb 3  +  by..........

           Future Simple                          =    Subject  +  will  +  be  +  Verb 3  +  by..........
           Future Continuous                   =    Subject  +  will  +  be  +  being  +  Verb 3  +  by..........
           Future Perfect                         =    Subject  +  will  +  have  +  been  +  Verb 3  +  by..........
           Future Perfect Continuous       =    Subject  +  will  +  have  +  been  +  being  +  Verb 3  +  by..........

         ËÁÒÂà赯 : Passive Voice ¢Í§ Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, áÅÐ Future Perfect Continuous Tense
                               »Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹äÁè¹ÔÂÁãªéáÅéǹФÃѺ  áÅÐËÒ¡ã¤Ã·ÕèÂѧ¨ÓäÁèä´éÍÂèÒ§áÁè¹ÂÓÇèÒáµèÅÐ Tense ãªéÍÂèÒ§äà ¡ç¡ÃسҡÅѺ
                               ä»ÍèÒ¹º·àÃÕ¹à¡èÒæ ¢Í§¼Á¡çä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ â´Â¤ÅÔ¡·Õè¢éÒ§ÅèÒ§¹ÕéàŤÃѺ ^_^

Passive Voice : µÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃÐâ¤

     µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹»ÃÐ⤠Active à»ç¹ Passive ã¹ 12 Tenses
         àÁ×èͺ··ÕèáÅéǼÁä´éá¹Ð¹Óâ¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§»ÃÐ⤢ͧ Passive Voice ·Ñé§ 12 Tenses ä»áÅéǹФÃѺ
ÁÒº·¹Õé¼Á¢Í¡»ÃÐ⤵ÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃСͺ
          à¾×èÍ·èÒ¹¼ÙéÍèÒ¹¨Ðä´éàËç¹ÀÒ¾ÁÒ¡¢Ö鹤ÃѺ ã¤Ã·ÕèÂѧäÁèä´éÍèÒ¹º··ÕèáÅéÇàªÔ­ ¤ÅÔ¡·Õè¹Õè  ¤ÃѺ¼Á
 
Present Simple Tense

             Active      :  Somchai drives a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus is driven by Somchai.

Present Continuous Tense
             Active      :  Somchai is driving a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus is being driven by Somchai.

Present Perfect Tense
             Active      :  Somchai has driven a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus has been driven by Somchai.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense
             Active      :  Somchai has been driving a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus has been being driven by Somchai.

 Past Simple Tense
             Active      :  Somchai drove a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus was driven by Somchai.

 Past Continuous Tense
             Active      :  Somchai was driving a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus was being driven by Somchai.

 Past Perfect Tense
             Active      :  Somchai had driven a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus had been driven by Somchai.

 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
             Active      :  Somchai had been driving a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus had been being driven by Somchai.

Future Simple Tense
             Active      :  Somchai will drive a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus will be driven by Somchai.

Future Continuous Tense
             Active      :  Somchai will be driving a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus will be being driven by Somchai.

Future Perfect Tense
             Active      :  Somchai will have driven a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus will have been driven by Somchai.

Future Perfect Continuous Tense
             Active      :  Somchai will have been driving a bus.
             Passive  :  A bus will have been being driven by Somchai.
 
 

Passive Voice : ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·Õèãªéã¹»ÃÐ⤠Passive äÁèä´é

     ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·Ø¡µÑÇäÁèÊÒÁÒö¹ÓÁÒáµè§à»ç¹»ÃÐ⤠Passive Voice ä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ µèÍ仹Õéà»ç¹ËÅÑ¡·ÑèÇ令ÃѺ¼Á ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ
    ¼Á¡ç¢Íá¹ÐãËé¨Óà»ç¹¡ÅØèÁËÃ×Íà»ç¹¤Óä»´éǹФÃѺ ÇèÒ¡ÃÔÂÒµÑÇä˹àÍÒÁÒáµè§à»ç¹ Passive Voice äÁèä´é

    1.  Í¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ ( Intransitive Verb ) ËÁÒ¶֧ ¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·ÕèäÁè¨Óà»ç¹µéͧÁÕ¡ÃÃÁÁÒÃͧÃѺ ÊÒÁÒöÍÂÙèâ´´ä´é ËéÒÁ¹ÓÁÒáµè§à»ç¹
        Passive Voice à´ç´¢Ò´àŹФÃѺ àªè¹

      A bird is flying in the air.   äÁèÊÒÁÒöáµè§à»ç¹ Passive Voice ä´é¹Ð¤ÃѺ à¾ÃÒлÃÐ⤹ÕéäÁèÁÕ¡ÃÃÁ à¾ÃÒФÓÇèÒ fly á»ÅÇèÒ ºÔ¹ ¹Ñé¹
            äÁè¨Óà»ç¹µéͧÁÕ¡ÃÃÁàÅ àÃÒ¡ç·ÃÒºÍÂÙèáÅéÇÇèÒ¹¡¡ÓÅѧºÔ¹ÍÂÙè ¤ÓÇèÒ in the air ¹Ñé¹äÁèãªèà»ç¹¡ÃÃÁ¹Ð¤ÃѺ à»ç¹à¾Õ§ÇÅÕ·Õè¢ÂÒÂ
            ¡ÃÔÂÒ fly à·èÒ¹Ñé¹¹èФÃѺ

        ¡çÍÂèÒ§·ÕèºÍ¡¹Ð¤ÃѺÇèÒ Í¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ¹Õé ¡çµéͧËÁÑ蹤èÍÂæ ¨Ó¡Ñ¹ä»¤ÃѺ¼Á ¼ÁäÁèÊÒÁÒöá¹ÐËÅÑ¡ä´é¨ÃÔ§æ ¤ÃѺ µéͧ¨Óà·èÒ¹Ñ鹹ФÃѺ

    2.  Ê¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ ( Transitive Verb ) ºÒ§¤Ó ¡çäÁèÊÒÁÒöáµè§à»ç¹»ÃÐâ¤ä´é Ê¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ¡çµÃ§¢éÒÁ¡ÑºÍ¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ¤ÃѺ ¡ÅèÒǤ×Í
         à»ç¹¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒ·ÕèµéͧÁÕ¡ÃÃÁÁÒÃͧÃѺ¤ÃѺ¼Á Ẻ¹ÕéµéͧÍÒÈѨÓä»à»ç¹¤Óæ ¹Ð¤ÃѺ µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¡Ã³Õ¹Õé¡çÍÂèÒ§àªè¹

      He had his breakfast at home.  àÃÒäÁèÊÒÁÒöáµè§à»ç¹ Passive Voice ä´éÇèÒ
      His breakfast was had by him at home.  ( äÁèÁÕã¤Ããªé¡Ñ¹¹Ð¤ÃѺ )

  ËÁÒÂà赯 : Í¡ÃÃÁ¡ÃÔÂÒ ÊÒÁÒöà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹ Passive Voice ä´é ¡Ã³Õ·Õè¤Ó¡ÃÔÂÒµÑǹÑé¹ÁÕ preposition + object
                      ( ·Ñ駹Õéà¾ÃÒÐ Intransitive Verb + Object = Transitive Verb ä´é·Ñ¹·Õ¤ÃѺ¼Á )   ¡µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹

       We will look after him well.
      He will be well looked after.

       Everybody doesn't like people looking down on him.
      Everybody doesn't like being looked down.
 

Passive Voice : »ÃÐ⤤ӶÒÁ

       ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹»ÃÐ⤠Active ·Õèà»ç¹¤Ó¶ÒÁãËéà»ç¹ Passive

           »ÃÐ⤠Active Voice ·Õèà»ç¹»ÃÐ⤤ӶÒÁ·Õè¢Öé¹´éÇ Question Words àÁ×èÍà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹ Passive ãËé·Ó´Ñ§µèÍ仹Õé :-

  1.ãËéàÍÒ Question Words Íѹä´éá¡è What, Where, When, Why, Whose, Whom, Which, How ¢Öé¹äÇéµé¹»ÃÐâ¤àËÁ×͹à´ÔÁ
     ¡àÇ鹤ÓÇèÒ            Who ãËéà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹ "  By whom "  á·¹
  2.¤ÓÍ×è¹æ àªè¹ Verb to Be, must, may, can, could, should, would, might, etc.  ãËéàÃÕ§Ẻ¤Ó¶ÒÁµÒÁ»Ã¡µÔ
     â´ÂÇÒ§äÇé˹éÒ»Ãиҹ         áµèÍÂÙèËÅѧ Question Words
  3.»Ãиҹ㹠Active Voice µéͧ¹Óä»à»ç¹¡ÃÃÁµÒÁËÅѧºØ¾º· by
  4.¡ÃÔÂÒá·éã¹ Active Voice àÁ×èÍà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹ Passive Voice ãËé·Óà»ç¹¡ÃÔÂÒªèͧ 3

       µÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃÐâ¤

       Active    :   What does he want?
      Passive  :   What is wanted by him?

      Active    :   Who punished her?
      Passive  :   By whom was she punished?

      Active    :   Which dictionary do you buy?
      Passive  :   Which dictionary is bought by you?

      Active    :   How will they do it?
      Passive  :   How will it be done by them?

      Active    :   Whom does she love?
      Passive  :   Who is loved by her?

      Active    :   Where did you find it?
      Passive  :   Where was it found by you?

      Active    :   Whose computer will you buy?
      Passive  :   Whose computer will be bought by you?

      Active    :   When did he send her a present?
      Passive  :   When was she sent a present by him?

      Active    :   Why did you open it?
      Passive  :   Why was it opened by you?

 

Passive Voice : »ÃÐ⤤ÓÊÑè§

       ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹

       »ÃÐ⤤ÓÊÑ觤×Í»ÃÐ⤷Õè¢Ö鹵鹴éǤӡÃÔÂÒ áÅÐäÁèÁÕ»Ãиҹà¾ÃÒÐÅÐäÇéã¹°Ò¹·Õèà¢éÒã¨áÅéÇ ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ËÅÑ¡¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹
          »ÃÐ⤠Active Voice ·Õèà»ç¹»ÃÐ⤤ÓÊÑè§ÁÒà»ç¹ Passive Voice ¨Ðµéͧ·Ó´Ñ§¹Õé

                            Let  +  object  +  be  +  Verb ªèͧ 3

           µÑÇÍÂèÒ§»ÃÐâ¤

           Active    :   Open the window.
         Passive :   Let the window be opened.

         Active     :  Don't destroy the house.
         Passive  :  Let the house not be destroyed.

         Active     :   Do it.
         Passive  :   Let it be done.

         Active     :   Don't close the door.
         Passive  :   Let the door not be closed.

Passive Voice : »ÃÐ⤷ÕèäÁèµéͧ¡Òà BY

                    ¡ÒèйÓàÍÒ»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐ⤠Active Voice ä»äÇéËÅѧ by ã¹ Passive Voice ËÃ×ÍäÁè¹Ñé¹
àÃҨеéͧ´Ù㨤ÇÒÁ¢Í§»ÃÐâ¤
        ¤×Í ¶éÒàÃÒäÁèà¹é¹¼Ùé¡ÃзÓËÃ×ͼÙé¡ÃзӹÑé¹äÁèÊӤѭáÅÐäÁè¨Óà»ç¹·Õè¨Ðµéͧ¡ÅèÒǶ֧ àÃÒ¡çÊÒÁÒöÅкؾº· by ä´é¤ÃѺ
¡µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹

       His house was painted beautifully before he moved in.
        ºéÒ¹¢Í§à¢Òä´é¶Ù¡·ÒÊÕäÇéÍÂèÒ§§´§ÒÁ ¡è͹·Õèà¢Ò¨ÐÂéÒÂà¢éÒÁÒÍÂÙè

        »ÃÐ⤹ÕéàÃÒäÁè·ÃÒºÇèÒã¤Ãà»ç¹¤¹·Ò à¾ÃÒÐàÃÒäÁèä´éʹ㨷Õè¨Ð·ÃÒº àÃÒʹã¨à¾Õ§áµèÇèÒ
ºéÒ¹ä´é¶Ù¡·ÒÊÕäÇéÍÂèÒ§§´§ÒÁà·èÒ¹Ñ鹤ÃѺ
        àÃÒÊÒÁÒöÊÃØ»¡Ã³Õ·ÕèàÃÒÊÒÁÒöÅкؾº· by äÇé¤ÃèÒÇæ ä´é´ÑǵèÍ仹Õé

       1.  àÁ×èÍ»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐ⤠Active Voice à»ç¹  everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, on one,
nobody
             äÁèµéͧ¹Óä»ÇÒ§äÇé¢éÒ§ËÅѧ by ã¹»ÃÐ⤠Passive Voice àªè¹

       Active     :   No one has used the door for six years.
      Passive  :   The door hasn't been used for six years.

      Active     :   Somebody ate three apples overhere.
      Passive  :   Three apples were eaten overhere.

      Active     :   Everybody studies Chinese in this school.
      Passive  :   Chinese is studied in this school.

       2.  àÁ×èÍ»Ãиҹ㹻ÃÐ⤠Active Voice à»ç¹ºØÃØÉÊÃþ¹ÒÁ ( Personal Pronoun )  ¤×Í I, You, We, They,
          He, She, It  äÁèµéͧãÊèäÇéËÅѧºØ¾º· by  àªè¹

        Active     :   She closed the window of the house.
        Passive  :   The window of the house was closed.

        Active     :   They will build a new road through here soon.
        Passive  :   A new road will be built through here soon.

        ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹ÕéáÅéÇ ¶éÒ»ÃÐ⤠Active Voice ¢Ö鹵鹴éÇ People say that ............. ,  People believe that
..............
        àÁ×èÍ·Óà»ç¹»ÃÐ⤠Passive Voice ãËéà»ÅÕè¹à»ç¹ It is said that ............., It is believed that ................
àªè¹

        Active     :   People say that optimism promotes happiness.
        Passive  :   It is said that optimism promotes happiness.

        Active     :   People believe that the earth is round.
        Passive  :   It is believed that the earth is round.